Introduction
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, commonly known as Kotte, serves as the capital of Sri Lanka and is the official administrative center where the Sri Lankan government, including the Parliament, is headquartered. This bustling urban area is part of the Colombo metropolitan region, offering a unique blend of modernity and historical significance. Let’s explore the captivating features, rich history, and must-see attractions of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Sri lanka map
Where is Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte?
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is situated in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, in the southeastern part of the Colombo metropolitan area. Its beautiful location near the Diyawanna Oya (Diyawanna Lake) enhances its scenic charm. Surrounded by waterways, Kotte borders the commercial capital of the country, making it a significant hub for government, administration, and cultural activities.
Location of Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte pinned
History of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte boasts a fascinating and diverse history that spans centuries. In the 14th century, it emerged as the fortified capital of the Kingdom of Kotte. Initially constructed by Prince Alakeshvara of the Alagakkonara clan, the city became a prominent center of Sinhalese culture and Buddhist learning.
Under the reign of Parakramabahu VI in the 15th century, Kotte experienced a period of prosperity and artistic development. The city was fortified with robust ramparts and deep moats, and three main entrances provided access to this thriving kingdom.
The Kotte Sri Naga Viharaya, believed to have been built during the 14th century, during the reign of King Parakramabahu IV.
However, the arrival of the Portuguese in the 16th century led to significant changes in architecture and governance, resulting in a decline in Kotte’s significance. The Portuguese influence is still visible in some structural elements.
In the 17th century, the Dutch succeeded the Portuguese and took control of coastal regions, including Colombo. Kotte had lost much of its grandeur by this time and was overshadowed by Colombo.
During British rule in the 19th century, Colombo further surpassed Kotte, causing a decline in its importance. Nevertheless, after Sri Lanka gained independence in 1948, efforts were made to revive and redevelop the city.
In 1982, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte was officially designated as the legislative capital of Sri Lanka, marking its return to political significance with the relocation of the Parliament from Colombo to a new complex in Kotte.
The old Parliament Building in Sri Lanka, established in 1930, houses the Presidential Secretariat of Sri Lanka.
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte represents a remarkable fusion of historical legacy and modern governance in contemporary Sri Lanka. It remains the seat of government and an integral part of the vibrant Colombo metropolitan area.
Features of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is a city that embraces its past while striding towards the future. Its history as a royal capital, its role as the political hub of Sri Lanka, its diverse architectural styles, and its cultural richness all contribute to its unique identity. The city seamlessly integrates tradition and modernity in the heart of Sri Lanka.
Geography and Climate
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is located in the Western Province, near the commercial hub of Colombo. Its geography is accentuated by its proximity to the scenic Diyawanna Oya (Diyawanna Lake).
The city is primarily flat, with occasional undulations. It experiences a tropical rainforest climate characterized by high humidity and consistent temperatures throughout the year.
Sri Lanka, as a whole, has one of the hottest average temperatures in the world, hovering around 27 – 28°C (80.6 – 82.4°F) annually. The monsoon season brings substantial rainfall, particularly from May to August and October to January.
Population
With a population of over 110,000, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is a vibrant city reflecting the diverse ethnicities, languages, and cultures of Sri Lanka. Sinhalese, Tamils, Moors, and other ethnic groups call this city home, contributing to its multicultural fabric. Buddhism is the predominant religion, although Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity are also practiced.
The city’s rich cultural heritage is evident in its festivals, arts, and cuisine, adding vibrancy to the capital’s social life. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte also boasts numerous schools and higher education institutions, reflecting the population’s high educational attainment.
Economy
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte’s economy is closely tied to its status as the administrative capital of Sri Lanka. The presence of government institutions and offices makes public administration a key sector in the city.
In addition to government activities, the city contributes to other sectors such as education, healthcare, and retail. Its proximity to Colombo means that many residents also work in the commercial hub, which is dominated by critical sectors like finance, manufacturing, and services.
The development of new administrative buildings and residential areas has fueled real estate growth in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. The city’s economic health is closely intertwined with Sri Lanka’s broader economic landscape, reflecting the challenges and opportunities that the country faces in its journey towards growth and development.
Must-See Attractions in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
While Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte may not offer as many tourist attractions as other parts of the country, the city still has intriguing sites for history, architecture, and culture enthusiasts. Here are ten must-see attractions:
1. Parliament Complex
The Parliament Complex serves as the official meeting place of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. Designed by renowned Sri Lankan architect Geoffrey Bawa, the complex seamlessly blends traditional Sri Lankan and modern architecture. It is located on a picturesque 12-acre island in the middle of the Diyawanna Oya (Diyawanna Lake) and offers a tranquil setting for political activities.
2. Diyatha Uyana
Diyatha Uyana is a stunning park located near the banks of the Diyawanna Lake. It offers a range of recreational activities and attractions. The beautifully landscaped gardens showcase various flora, enhancing the overall serenity of the park. Visitors can also explore the floating market, where vendors sell a diverse range of goods from wooden stalls built over the water, showcasing local culture.
3. Beddagana Wetland Park
Beddagana Wetland Park, established in 2016, is a sanctuary for recreation and nature conservation. The park provides a habitat for various bird species, insects, butterflies, and wildlife. It plays a crucial ecological role by acting as a breeding ground for many organisms and a natural filter for water flowing into the Diyawanna Lake. The park’s walking trails, observation platforms, and information centers offer educational insights into the wetland ecosystem.
4. Kotte Archaeological Museum
The Kotte Archaeological Museum serves as a cultural and historical hub, housing a rich collection of artifacts from Kotte and the surrounding area. Visitors can explore exhibits showcasing regional flags, clothing, statues, coins, weapons, and pottery. The museum provides valuable insights into local history, cultural practices, art, and craftsmanship.
5. Seema Malaka Temple
Seema Malaka Temple is a tranquil Buddhist temple located on Beira Lake, part of the Gangaramaya Temple complex. Renowned architect Geoffrey Bawa reconstructed the temple in the late 1970s, blending Sri Lankan, Thai, Indian, and Chinese architectural influences.
6. Diyasaru Park
Diyasaru Park, also known as Thalawathugoda Wetland Park, is a significant urban wetland park. Covering an area of 60 acres, it is part of the interconnected wetland system linked with Diyawanna Lake. The park is a habitat for various bird species, insects, butterflies, amphibians, and other wildlife. It promotes biodiversity, environmental education, and sustainable development.
7. Galle Face Green
Galle Face Green is a popular ocean-side urban park stretching along the Indian Ocean coast. It offers a beautiful space for recreation and relaxation. Visitors can enjoy picnics, kite flying, beach sports, or take a leisurely stroll along the promenade while savoring the ocean view. The park also comes alive with street food vendors offering local delicacies during the evenings.
8. Sri Dalada Maligawa
Sri Dalada Maligawa, also known as the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, is one of Sri Lanka’s most revered Buddhist temples. Located in the former Kingdom of Kandy’s royal palace complex, the temple houses a relic of the tooth of the Buddha, making it an important pilgrimage site. The tooth relic symbolizes the rightful rule of the country and plays a significant role in Sri Lankan politics and governance.
9. Udawatta Kele Sanctuary
Udawatta Kele Sanctuary, once a royal forest reserved for the Kandyan kings, became a wildlife sanctuary in 1938. Its close proximity to the city and the Sacred Temple of the Tooth makes it easily accessible. The sanctuary provides a habitat for diverse plant species and birds, making it a favored destination for nature enthusiasts and birdwatchers.
10. Independence Square
Independence Square is a historic site and a popular recreational area. The well-maintained lawns and gardens offer a relaxing setting for residents and visitors. The Independence Square Monument, with its unique Kandyan architectural style, stands as a symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage.
Conclusion
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte showcases a fascinating blend of historical significance, governmental importance, cultural richness, and natural beauty. Exploring its temples, ancient ruins, and parks allows visitors to gain a deeper understanding of Sri Lanka’s multifaceted identity. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte’s proximity to Colombo adds convenience and accessibility, making it a rewarding detour for those seeking a nuanced exploration of Sri Lankan culture and history. Plan your visit to DHPL Travels and embark on a captivating journey through Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.