Sri Lanka, with its current population of 21 million, has witnessed significant growth in its poultry industry in recent years. Not only is poultry farming a key contributor to the country’s agriculture sector, but it also holds great potential for further development and export revenue. In this article, we will explore the current state of poultry farming in Sri Lanka and the challenges it faces.
Poultry Production: Meeting Rising Demand
Before the 1950s, chicken meat was considered a luxury in Sri Lanka, available only to a privileged few. However, with advancements in the poultry sector, chicken products have become more affordable compared to other animal-origin food sources. As a result, the per capita availability of chicken has doubled from 5kg in 2011 to 10kg in 2018. Similarly, the per capita availability of eggs has increased from 81 in 2011 to 131 in 2018.
Vertically integrated commercial companies have played a crucial role in the growth of the poultry industry. These companies have established their own breeding operations, processing plants, and feed mills, enabling them to operate independently in the market. Additionally, small-scale and backyard farming systems have also made significant contributions to the livelihoods of rural communities and household food security.
Fulfilling International Quality Standards
While the quantity of poultry production has seen remarkable growth, there is a need to enhance the efficiency and quality of Sri Lanka’s poultry products to meet international standards. The industry aims to improve the overall quality of its products and target markets such as the European Union. Currently, Sri Lanka’s poultry sector is self-sufficient in poultry products, exporting broiler hatching eggs and broiler meat to the Middle East and the Maldives.
However, to fully tap into the potential of the export market, the industry must focus on enhancing production processes and adhering to stringent regulatory measures. Ongoing surveillance and monitoring of infectious and zoonotic diseases in poultry are crucial, as well as the implementation of robust biosecurity measures. The Sri Lankan government has already taken steps to ban the importation and usage of antibiotic growth promoters for livestock production, ensuring the health and safety of the poultry sector.
Disease Threat: A Challenge to Overcome
Due to limited land availability and the expense of acquiring land for livestock and agriculture, poultry farming in Sri Lanka has been reliant on intensification to increase commercial poultry density. However, this intensification has also led to increased disease risks. Backyard poultry and free-range chickens in rural areas often lack proper biosecurity measures, making them more susceptible to poultry pathogens.
Poultry pathogens, such as the Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus, pose a threat to both backyard and commercial poultry farming systems. Additionally, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and zoonotic diseases further compounds the challenges faced by the industry. To mitigate these risks, continuous surveillance, monitoring, and strict regulatory measures are essential.
Conclusion
Poultry farming in Sri Lanka has witnessed remarkable growth, contributing significantly to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). With its self-sufficiency in poultry products and export potential, the industry holds promise for further development. However, to fully harness this potential, it is crucial to prioritize the quality of poultry products, adhere to stringent regulatory measures, and address disease risks effectively.
For more information on Sri Lanka’s poultry industry, visit DHPL Travels.